The History of
Rome:
The Emperors
The History of
Rome:
|
| Augustus | 27 BC - 14 AD | Campaigns
in Gaul Campaign against the Cantabri & Astures in Spain Campaign in Raetia by Drusus & Tiberius Campaign in Illyricum Campaigns in Germania by Drusus and Tiberius Revolt in Illyricum & Pannonia Terrible defeat of Vargus in Germania |
Old Age Possibly Hastened by Poison |
| Tiberius | 14 - 37 | Revolt
in Africa by Tacfarinas Revolt in Gaul Revolt of the Frisii in Germania Parthian War |
Smothered to death by his bodyguards |
| Gaius Caligula | 37 - 41 | ? | Stabbed to death by the Praetorian Guards to wide public approval |
| Claudius | 41 - 54 | Campaign
in Mauretania Revolt in Dalmatia Invaasion of Britannia Revolt of the Iceni in Britannia Invasation of Germania by Chatii Parthians invade Armenia |
Poisoned to death by his fourth wife Agrippina II |
| Nero | 54 - 68 | Campaign
in Spain against Astures Campaign in Armenia Revolt of Iceni under Boudica in Britain Revolt in Judea - siege of Jerusalem Revolt in Gaul by by the Vindex |
Took his own life in the face of popular rebellion |
| Galba | 68 - 69 | ? | Murdered by Otho supported by the Praetorian Guard |
| Otho | 69 | ? | Killed himself after defeat by Vitellius |
| Vespasian | 69 - 79 | Revolt
in Africa. Revolt of Batavians in Germania, siege of Masada. Campaigns in Britannia. Campaign in Commagene. Campaign in Germania. Campaign against Bructeri. |
Natural Causes |
| Titus | 79 - 81 | ? | Natural Causes |
| Domitian | 81 - 96 | Campaign
against Chatti. Invasion of Moesia by Dacians under Decebalus. Campaign against Dacians. Revolt of Saturninus, Governor of Germania Superior joined by Chatti. Campaign against Suebi, Sarmatae and Marcomanii across Danube. |
Stabbed to death as part of a conspiracy |
| Nerva | 96 - 98 | Campaign against Suebi. | Natural Causes |
| Trajan | 98 - 117 | Trajanus
invades Dacia. Second invasion of Dacia. Invasion of Parthia. Annexation of Armenia. Annexation of Mesopotamia. Revolts in Judaea and Egypt. |
Natural Causes |
| Handrian | 117 - 138 | Revolt
of Moors in Mauretania. Revolt in Judaea. |
Natural Causes |
| Antoninus Pius | 138 - 161 | Campaign
in Britannia. Campaign against the Moors in Mauretania. Campaign in Dacia. |
Natural Causes |
| Marcus Aurelius | 161 - 180 | Campaign
against the Parthians. Campaigns against Marcomanni, Quadi and Sarmatae in Germania. Revolt in Egypt. Campaign in Mauretania. Campaigns in Germania. |
Natural Causes |
| Lucius Verus | 161 - 169 | ? | Natural Causes |
| Commodus | 180 - 192 | Campaign
in Britannia. Revolt in Germania. 193-197 Civil War, final victory by SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS. |
Assassinated by strangulation |
| Pertinax | 193 | ? | Killed by the Praetorian Guard |
| Didius Julianus | 193 | ? | Slain by soldiers on orders from the senate |
| Septimius Severus | 193 - 211 | Campaigns
in Parthia. Campaign in Britannia. |
Illness |
| Clodius Albinus | 211 - 217 | - | - |
| Pescennius Niger | 211 - 217 | - | - |
| Caracalla | 211 - 217 | - | - |
| Geta | 211 - 212 | ? | Slain by his brother |
| Macrinus | 217 - 218 | Persians defeat MACRINUS | Murdered |
| Diadumenianus | 218 | ? | ? |
| Elagabalus | 218 - 222 | ELAGABULUS defeats MACRINUS. | Killed by Praetorian Guards in the Castra Praetoria |
| Severus Alexander | 222 - 235 | Persians
invade Mesopotamia. Campaign against Persians. Campaign against Alamanni. |
Died at the hands of mutinous troops in the Danube wars |
| Maximinus | 235 - 238 | Campaign
against Alamanni. Campaign against Dacians and Sarmatae. Persians invade Mesopotamia. |
Killed by Disaffected Troops |
| Gordian I | 238 | ? | ? |
| Gordian II | 238 - 244 | Invasion
of Moesia by Goths and Carpi. Campaign against Persians. |
Killed by Soldiers encouraged by Praetorian Prefect Philip |
| Balbinus and Pupienus | - | - | - |
| Gordian III | - | - | - |
| Philip the Arab | 244 - 249 | Campaign
against Carpi and Quadi. Invasion of Moesia by Goths and Carpi. Campaign in Moesia by DECIUS. |
? |
| Trajanus Decius | 249 - 251 | Invasion
of Dacian provinces by Goths and Carpi. Defeat and death of DECIUS by Goths. |
? |
| Decius | 251 | ? | ? |
| Trebonianus Gallus | 251 - 253 | Goths
invade Northern frontier and Asia minor Persians invade Mesopotamia. |
Killed by Soldiers |
| Aemilian | 253 | Campaign against Goths in Moesia. | ? |
| Valerian | 253 - 260 | Marcomanni
invade Pannonia. Invasion of Thrace by Goths. Persians invade Mesopotamia. Goths attack Asia Minor. Franks invade Germania inferior. Campaign against Goths by GALLIENUS. VALERIANUS defeated and captured by Persians. |
? |
| Gallienus | 253 - 268 | Postumus
declares separate Empire in Gaul. Revolts in Pannonia, Persians invade Syria Asia and Cappadocia Persians defeated by Macrianus. Campaigns against Persians by Odenathus of Palmyra. Unsuccessful campaign against Postumus. Goths invade Thrace and Greece. Goths invade Asia Minor but defeated by GALLIENUS. |
? |
| Postumus | 260-268 | ? | ? |
| Claudius II Gothicus | 268 - 270 | Invasion
of Raetia and Italia by Alamanni defeated by CLAUDIUS II. CLAUDIUS II defeats Goths. |
? |
| Quintillus | - | - | - |
| Aurelian | 270 - 275 | Dacia
abandoned. Palmyrenes led by Zenobia invade Egypt. AURELIANUS defeats German tribes in Italy and the Vandals in Pannonia; invasion of Italy by Alamanni and Marcomanni defeated. AURELIANUS campaigns against Zenobia, revolt in Egypt crushed. Palmyra sacked. AURELIANUS defeats separatist Empire in Gaul. Invasion of Raetia repelled. |
Slain by Thracian Praetorian officer, Mucapor; and other Officers |
| Tacitus | 275 - 276 | ? | ? |
| Florian | 276 | ? | Killed by Soldiers |
| Probus | 276 - 282 | ? | Killed by Soldiers |
| Carus | - | - | - |
| Carinus and Numerian | 283-284(5) | ? | Slain
by One of His Imperial Officers Killed by Praetorian Prefect, Arrius Aper |
| Diocletian | 284 - 305 | ? | ? |
| Maximian | 286 - 305 | ? | ? |
| Constantius I | 305 - 306 | ? | ? |
| Galerius | 305 - 310 | ? | ? |
| Maximin | 308 - 313 | ? | ? |
| Licinius | 308 - 324 | ? | ? |
| Maxentius | 306 - 312 | ? | ? |
| Constantine I | 312-337 | ? | ? |
| Constantine II | 337-340 | ? | ? |
| Constans I | 337-350 | ? | ? |
| Constantius II | 337-361 | ? | ? |
| Magnentius | 350-353 | ? | ? |
| Julian | 361-363 | ? | ? |
| Jovian | 363-364 | ? | ? |
| Valentinian I (West) | 364-375 | ? | ? |
| Valens (East) | 364-378 | ? | ? |
| Procopius (East) | 365-366 | ? | ? |
| Gratian (West) | 375-383 | ? | ? |
| Valentinian II (West) | 375-392 | ? | ? |
| Theodosius I | 379-395 | ? | ? |
| Arcadius (East) | 395-408 | ? | ? |
| Honorius (West) | 395-423 | ? | ? |
| Theodosius II (East) | 408-450 | ? | ? |
| Constantius III (West) | 421 | ? | ? |
| Valentinian III (West) | 425-455 | ? | ? |
| Marcian (East) | 450-457 | ? | ? |
| Petronius Maximus (West) | 455 | ? | ? |
| Avitus (West) | 455-456 | ? | ? |
| Leo I (East) | 457-474 | ? | ? |
| Majorian (West) | 457-461 | ? | ? |
| Libius Severus (West) | 461-467 | ? | ? |
| Anthemius (West) | 467-472 | ? | ? |
| Olybrius (West) | 472 | ? | ? |
| Glycerius (West) | 473-474 | ? | ? |
| Julius Nepos (West) | 474-475 | ? | ? |
| Leo II (East) | 474 | ? | ? |
| Zeno (East) | 474-491 | ? | ? |
| Romulus Augustulus (West) | 475-476 | ? | ? |